Comparison of P‐wave attenuation models of wave‐induced flow          下载免费PDF全文

Weitao Sun  Tobias M. Müller  José M. Carcione  Hong Cao 《Geophysical Prospecting》2015,63(2):378-390

Wave‐induced oscillatory fluid flow in the vicinity of inclusions embedded in porous rocks is one of the main causes for P‐wave dispersion and attenuation at seismic frequencies. Hence, the P‐wave velocity depends on wave frequency, porosity, saturation, and other rock parameters. Several analytical models quantify this wave‐induced flow attenuation and result in characteristic velocity–saturation relations. Here, we compare some of these models by analyzing their low‐ and high‐frequency asymptotic behaviours and by applying them to measured velocity–saturation relations. Specifically, the Biot–Rayleigh model considering spherical inclusions embedded in an isotropic rock matrix is compared with White's and Johnson's models of patchy saturation. The modeling of laboratory data for tight sandstone and limestone indicates that, by selecting appropriate inclusion size, the Biot‐Rayleigh predictions are close to the measured values, particularly for intermediate and high water saturations.  相似文献   

多元热流体热采技术在海上探井测试中适应性研究     

林涛  孙永涛  马增华  孙玉豹  刘海涛  王少华 《海洋地质译丛》2012,(2):51-53

稠油黏度高,流动性差,常规测试难以正确评价储层的真实产能。随着多元热流体热采技术在海上油田生产平台的成功应用,提出了在探井测试中应用多元热流体热采技术。通过对支撑平台的适应性分析研究,运用数值模拟方法预测多元热流体热采测试的开采效果,并对相应的井口、供给方式等进行了优化研究。通过现场实施,多元热流体热采测试的日产油量可达常规冷采测试产油量的2倍以上,实际效果与数值模拟的结果基本相当。该技术的应用更能准确反映油田的真实产能,为海上稠油油田的探井测试提供了一个新方法。  相似文献   

高砂比压裂技术在吐哈油田的应用研究     

刘百红  岳珉  薛峰 《海洋地质译丛》2012,(1):66-69

根据吐哈油田的特点,就高砂比压裂技术在吐哈油田的应用,在压裂液优化、支撑剂选择、施工工艺等方面进行了研究,优选出了适合该地区的压裂液和支撑剂,优化了压裂施工工艺,最终通过实践总结出了一套适合吐哈油田的高砂比压裂工艺,经过推广试验证明,效果明显。  相似文献   

南堡油田保持中深层泥页岩井壁稳定钻井液研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王荐  卢淑芹  朱宽亮  向兴金  陈金霞  吴彬  舒福昌  蒋卓 《海洋地质译丛》2012,(1):92-96

在南堡油田中深层钻井过程中,东二、东三、沙一段泥页岩的剥落掉块经常造成井壁坍塌掉块、钻具阻卡、电测遇阻等井下复杂情况。分析了中深层泥页岩的理化特性,研究探讨了泥页岩的坍塌机理。在此基础上,提出了选用强封堵抑制型钻井液是有效抑制中深层泥页岩剥落掉块的根本措施。这一研究成果对于在南堡油田中深层开发工程中提高钻速、减少井下复杂情况发生具有重要意义。  相似文献   

南海神狐水合物钻探区不同形态流体地震反射特征与水合物产出的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨睿  阎贫  吴能友  乔少华  苏明  梁金强  郭攀  霍元媛 《海洋学研究》2014,32(4):19-26

天然气水合物的分布在很大程度上受到含气流体运移的影响。南海北部陆坡区,尤其是珠江口盆地的白云凹陷,普遍存在流体渗漏的现象,暗示了水合物赋存的良好前景。神狐海域水合物钻探区内的高分辨率地震资料显示,区域内发育大量流体运移通道,在地震剖面上表现为不同形态的地震反射模糊带,根据其形态特征,可以划分为花冠状和穹顶状两大类模糊反射带。模糊反射带的存在意味着研究区内具有良好的含气流体运移条件,能够为甲烷气体的垂向运移提供通道。神狐海域水合物的钻探结果表明,水合物的分布与模糊反射带的分布范围具有良好的空间匹配关系,其中,花冠状地震反射模糊带侧翼部与中尺度正断层相连,促进了含气流体的侧向运移,顶部与可能的微裂隙相通,气体可向上运移至水合物稳定带,形成了水合物藏;而穹顶状地震反射模糊带顶部则通过疑似流体通道与海底沟通,这种结构极易形成气体逃逸而无法形成水合物。因此,不同形态特征的模糊反射带可能对水合物的分布具有一定的指示意义。  相似文献   

Oblique wave scattering by undulating porous bottom in a two-layer fluid: Fourier transform approach     

Srikumar Panda 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2014,108(6):587-614

The problem involving scattering of oblique waves by small undulation on the porous ocean bed in a two-layer fluid is investigated within the framework of linearised theory of water waves where the upper layer is free to the atmosphere. In such a two-layer fluid, there exist waves with two different wave numbers (modes): wave with lower wave number propagates along the free surface whilst that with higher wave number propagates along the interface. When an oblique incident wave of a particular mode encounters the undulating bottom, it gets reflected and transmitted into waves of both modes so that some of the wave energy transferred from one mode to another mode. Perturbation analysis in conjunction with Fourier transform technique is used to derive the first-order corrections of velocity potentials, reflection and transmission coefficients at both modes due to oblique incident waves of both modes. One special type of undulating bottom topography is considered as an example to evaluate the related coefficients in detail. These coefficients are shown in graphical forms to demonstrate the transformation of water wave energy between the two modes. Comparisons between the present results with those in the literature are made for particular cases and the agreements are found to be satisfactory. In addition, energy identity, an important relation in the study of water wave theory, is derived with the help of the Green’s integral theorem.  相似文献   

周期性层状含孔隙、裂隙介质模型纵波衰减特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

吴国忱  吴建鲁  宗兆云 《地球物理学报》2014,57(8):2666-2677

地震波在含孔隙、裂隙斑块饱和介质传播过程中会诱发多个尺度孔隙流体流动而产生衰减和速度频散.在含有宏观尺度“Biot流”和介观尺度“局域流”衰减诱导机制的周期性层状孔隙介质模型基础上,引入了微观尺度硬币型和尖灭型裂隙“喷射流”的影响,构建了周期性层状含孔隙、裂隙介质模型.利用双解耦弹性波动方程的方法数值计算了该模型地震频带的纵波衰减和速度频散并与周期性层状孔隙介质模型做了对比研究.分析了该模型在不同裂隙参数（裂隙密度、裂隙纵横比）及裂隙体积含量下的纵波衰减和频散特征,裂隙密度越高对于纵波衰减和频散的影响越大,裂隙纵横比越小,由裂隙引起的纵波衰减部分向高频段移动,裂隙体积含量越少,纵波衰减先降低后小幅增加再降低,频散速度增加,并逐渐接近于周期性层状孔隙介质模型的纵波衰减和频散速度曲线.最后研究了周期性层状含孔隙、裂隙介质模型有效平面波模量的高低频极限以及流固相对位移在该模型中的分布特征.  相似文献   

断层土壤气CO2含量快速测定法关键问题探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

龚永俭  程立康  李越  马义山  马丽丽 《华北地震科学》2014,(1):47-52

为了提高断层土壤气CO2含量观测数据的映震效能,从测点选择、装置布设、观测方法、辅助测项4个方面对断层土壤气CO2含量快速测定法的关键问题做了全面研究,得出结论：（1）断层土壤气CO2含量测点应选择在活动断层破裂带上或紧邻破裂带的敏感地带,在测点选择时应结合地质资料和钻孔资料对预选址的地下岩石结构及其破裂程度进行研究或有效探测,不宜仅为了观测方便在现有地震台站随便选址;（2）断层土壤气CO2含量快速测定法的装置要尽可能布设得深人地下,至少应使测定孔深度超过地表以下0．5m,最好能够选择深人地表以下2．0m以上的深度,以尽量减少或不受地表生物层的影响,但在装置布设时也要充分考虑地下水位的变化情况;（3）在使用断层土壤气CO2含量快速测定法观测CO2含量变化的过程中应努力消除人为因素的影响,避免主观随意性,特别是应将CO2含量快速测定管放置到靠近测定孔的孔底位置,快速测定管底部开口应尽量保持一致且要使开口口径最大化,避免快速测定管触底;（4）测定孔内温度与断层土壤气CO2含量变化呈正相关,降雨量对断层土壤气CO2含量测值有负面的影响,同步进行测定孔内温度和降雨量辅助观测是必须的。鉴于气压变化与断层土壤气CO2含量变化有较强的负相关,建议在机理上进一步研究其影响,同时还应引入湿度作为断层土壤气CO2含量观测的辅助测项。  相似文献   

福建省地下流体观测干扰因素综合查询系统的设计与实现     

陈小云  李毅伟  黄永模  薛飞  江宁 《华南地震》2014,(4):51-54

将福建省地下流体观测网内观测井各测项在观测期间内出现的干扰事件进行汇总,并进行分类入库保存,实现地下流体干扰因素的录入、查询、检查、修改、计算。编制一个操作界面友好、功能全面的观测井各测项的正常动态与干扰因素综合查询系统,更好地发挥观测数据共享的作用,为分析预报人员查找干扰资料提供方便,同时为福建省地震地下流体观测井的效能评价提供指导作用。  相似文献   

Diagenetic fluid evolution and water-rock interaction model of carbonate cements in sandstone: An example from the reservoir sandstone of the Fourth Member of the Xujiahe Formation of the Xiaoquan-Fenggu area,Sichuan Province,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIU SiBing  HUANG SiJing  SHEN ZhongMin  Lü ZhengXiang  SONG RongCai 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(5):1077-1092

Carbonate cement is the most abundant cement type in the Fourth Member of the Xujiahe Formation in the Xiaoquan-Fenggu area of the West Sichuan Depression. Here we use a systematic analysis of carbonate cement petrology, mineralogy, carbon and oxygen isotope ratios and enclosure homogenization temperatures to study the precipitation mechanism, pore fluid evolution, and distribution of different types of carbonate cement in reservoir sand in the study area. Crystalline calcite has relatively heavy carbon and oxygen isotope ratios(δ13C = 2.14‰, δ18O = -5.77‰), and was precipitated early. It was precipitated directly from supersaturated alkaline fluid under normal temperature and pressure conditions. At the time of precipitation, the fluid oxygen isotope ratio was very light, mainly showing the characteristics of a mixed meteoric water-seawater fluid(δ18O = -3‰), which shows that the fluid during precipitation was influenced by both meteoric water and seawater. The calcite cement that fills in the secondary pores has relatively lighter carbon and oxygen isotope ratios(δ13C = -2.36‰, δ18O = -15.68‰). This cement was precipitated late, mainly during the Middle and Late Jurassic. An important material source for this carbonate cement was the feldspar corrosion process that involved organic matter. The Ca2+, Fe3+ and Mg2+ ions released by the clay mineral transformation process were also important source materials. Because of water-rock interactions during the burial process, the oxygen isotope ratio of the fluid significantly increased during precipitation, by about 3‰. The dolomite cements in calcarenaceous sandstone that was precipitated during the Middle Jurassic have heavier carbon and oxygen isotope ratios, which are similar to those of carbonate debris in the sandstone(δ13C = 1.93‰, δ18O = -6.11‰), demonstrating that the two are from the same source that had a heavier oxygen isotope ratio(δ18O of about 2.2‰). The differences in fluid oxygen isotope ratios during cement precipitation reflect the influences of different water-rock interaction systems or different water-rock interaction strengths. This is the main reason why the sandstone containing many rigid particles(lithic quartz sandstone) has a relatively negative carbon isotope ratio and why the precipitation fluid in calcarenaceous sandstone has a relatively heavier oxygen isotope ratio.  相似文献